Exploring The Relationship Between Moot Court Participation and Legal English Proficiency
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64850/cognitive.v1i2.102Keywords:
Relationship, Legal English Proficiency, Moot Court, Hanoi Law UniversityAbstract
This study investigated the potential association between moot court participation and legal English proficiency among law students in a non-native English-speaking context, specifically at Hanoi Law University (HLU) in Vietnam. Employing a mixed-methods design, quantitative surveys were administered to 60 international trade law students who had participated in moot court activities, while semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 15-20 of these participants to explore their experiences, perceptions, and motivations. Findings suggest an association between moot court involvement and perceived improvements in legal English skills, with participants reporting enhanced confidence in legal communication (mean score 4.00 on a 5-point scale) and a statistically significant difference in proficiency scores across participation levels (ANOVA: F(2,57)=50.68, p<.001). However, results rely on self-reported data and correlational analyses, limiting causal inferences, and findings may not generalize beyond HLU. The study recommends targeted integration of moot court into legal English curricula, provision of support resources, and further research with objective measures to enhance skill development.
Downloads
References
Alderson, J. C. (2005). Diagnosing foreign language proficiency: The interface between learning and assessment. A&C Black.
Bachman, L. F., & Palmer, A. S. (1996). Language testing in practice: Designing and developing useful language tests. Oxford University Press.
Bak, T. (2017a). Motivations of law students to participate in moot court competitions: A pilot study. International Journal of Legal Discourse, 1(1), 76–94. https://doi.org/10.1515/ijld-2017-0004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ijld-2017-0004
Bak, Y. J. (2017b). Motivations for participating in moot court competitions: A qualitative study of law students in South Korea. Asia Pacific Law Review, 25(1), 27–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/10192557.2017.1322813
Becerra, J., & Villarreal, L. (2017). The importance of moot court in legal education: A case study. Journal of Legal Education, 66(1), 133–149.
Bonnington, C. P., & Gallanis, T. P. (2020). Moot court as a transformative learning experience. Journal of Legal Studies Education, 37(1), 73–108. https://doi.org/10.1111/jlse.12096 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jlse.12096
Brown, A. (2018). Assessing legal English proficiency: Challenges and opportunities. Legal Writing: The Journal of the Legal Writing Institute, 24(2), 35–61.
Chilingaryan, K., & Gorbatenko, R. (2015a). Legal English in the context of moot court competitions. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 197, 891–895. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.07.266 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.07.266
Chilingaryan, K., & Gorbatenko, R. (2015b). The role of moot courts in enhancing legal English skills. International Journal of Legal Discourse, 1(2), 89–104. https://doi.org/10.1515/ijld-2016-0005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ijld-2016-0005
Easterbrook, L. (2018). Moot court as a teaching tool for legal writing. The Learning Curve, 10, 40–47.
Galanter, M., & Palay, T. (2017). Moot court: The art of oral advocacy (Vol. 1). National Institute for Trial Advocacy.
Hall, J., & Fong, C. J. (2017). Why we moot: A comparative analysis of Canadian, Australian and New Zealand moot experiences. The Canadian Journal of Higher Education, 47(1), 58–75. https://doi.org/10.7202/1043238ar DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/1043238ar
Hamp-Lyons, L., & Katchen, J. E. (2001a). The effect of task design on language use in a semi-direct test of speaking. Language Testing, 18(3), 255–282. https://doi.org/10.1177/026553220101800302 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/026553220101800302
Hamp-Lyons, L., & Katchen, J. E. (2001b). Assessing legal English proficiency: Issues and solutions. Language Assessment Quarterly, 18(1), 41–56. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15434311LAQ1801_4
Hernández, E., Guillén, P., & Fach Gómez, K. (2013). La participación en un moot jurídico como experiencia de aprendizaje cooperativo extracurricular [Participation in a moot competition: An experience of cooperative learning]. Revista de Educación Jurídica, 5(1), 45–60. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2306811 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2306811
Hewitt, R. H., & Asquith, J. (2019). Moot court: Principles, practice and resources. William S. Hein & Co.
Johnson, D. (2018). Enhancing legal English proficiency through moot court participation. Legal Communication & Rhetoric: JALWD, 15(2), 145–169.
Johnson, S. (2018). Learning through simulations: Using moot court to enhance student understanding. Law Teacher, 52(4), 443–456.
Johnson, T. F. (2018). Enhancing oral advocacy skills through moot court: A practical guide. Routledge.
Knerr, M. W., Terry, J. B., & Gallagher, A. M. (2001). The value of experiential learning in legal education: Introduction to the symposium. Clinical Law Review, 7(2), 287–300.
Krashen, S. (1982). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. Pergamon Press.
Kress, S. (2019). Moot court motivations: A study of student engagement in experiential learning. Journal of Legal Education, 68(3), 412–430.
Lang, T. (2021). Effective application of "moot court" in law teaching. Proceedings of the 2021 6th International Conference on Social Sciences and Economic Development, 345–350. https://doi.org/10.1145/3456887.3456940 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3456887.3456940
Matei, M. (2021). Valuable public speaking skills for legal professionals. Bulletin of Transilvania University of Brasov. Series VII: Social Science. Law, 14(63), 123–130. https://doi.org/10.31926/but.ssl.2021.14.63.2.26 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31926/but.ssl.2021.14.63.2.26
Mackenzie, K. (2020a). Legal English: Understanding and mastering the language of law. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Mackenzie, R. (2020b). Supporting moot court participation: Strategies and resources. Legal Education Review, 30(2), 150–169.
Mackenzie, R. (2020c). The use of English in the international law community. Taylor & Francis.
Manning, J., & Durie, R. (2020a). The role of simulation in legal education: Learning through moot court competitions. Australian Journal of Legal Education, 47(2), 171–185.
Manning, T., & Durie, A. (2020b). The art of mooting: A guide to mooting in Australia. Oxford University Press.
Mitchell, J. (2016). How to moot: A student guide to mooting. Oxford University Press.
Pennycook, A. (2016a). Motivations for legal English learning among law students. English for Specific Purposes, 43, 24–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2016.02.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2016.02.002
Pennycook, A. (2016b). The cultural politics of English as an international language. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315225593 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315225593
Shulman, L. S. (2005). Signature pedagogies in the professions. Daedalus, 134(3), 52–59. https://doi.org/10.1162/0011526054622015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1162/0011526054622015
Stein, R. M., & Blumenfeld, W. J. (2017a). Moot court as a pedagogical tool in legal education: A case study. The Review of Litigation, 36(2), 237–260.
Stein, S., & Blumenfeld, S. (2017b). Enhancing student confidence through moot court participation. Journal of Legal Studies Education, 35(2), 187–206. https://doi.org/10.1111/jlse.12056 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jlse.12056
Thiruvengadam, A. K., & Geeta, N. (2018). Advantages of moot courts in legal education: A comparative study. Asian Journal of Legal Education, 5(2), 86–98. https://doi.org/10.1177/2322005818782567
Wei, Y. (2000). Theory and practice of teaching and learning English in law schools. Foreign Language World, 116(3), 26–30.
Weinstock, M. J. (2019). Moot court competition: A primer and study. Journal of Legal Studies Education, 36(2), 397–413. https://doi.org/10.1111/jlse.12085 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jlse.12085
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Nguyen Hai Anh (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
In submitting the manuscript to the journal, the authors certify that:
- They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
- The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.
- That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
- That its publication has been approved by all the author(s) and by the responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
- They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.
- They agree to the following license and copyright agreement.
License and Copyright Agreement
Authors who publish with Cognitive Insight in Education agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
