Implementation of Bone Regency Regional Regulation Number 13 of 2016 on Public Order and Community Peace in Controlling Beggars

Abstract

The presence of beggars in public spaces poses a persistent challenge to social order in many Indonesian regencies, including Bone Regency. This study examines the implementation of Bone Regency Regional Regulation Number 13 of 2016 on Public Order and Community Peace, with a focus on enforcing provisions related to begging. The study pursues two objectives: to analyze how the Civil Service Police Unit (Satpol PP) implements this regulation in controlling beggars, and to identify the inhibiting factors that hinder effective implementation. An empirical legal approach is adopted, combining normative-juridical and empirical juridical methods. Data were gathered through field observations, semi-structured interviews with Satpol PP officers, Dinas Sosial social workers, and community members, as well as documentary analysis of relevant laws and regulations. The findings indicate that Satpol PP has performed its duties in accordance with the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) established under Bone Regent Regulation Number 11 of 2022, encompassing routine patrols, early detection activities, public complaint intake, direct enforcement, and coordination with Dinas Sosial for the repatriation and reunification of beggars. Sanctions are applied in a non-judicial, humanistic manner primarily through written statements and formal warnings before escalating to a maximum fine of IDR 1,000,000 for repeat offenders. Nevertheless, implementation remains suboptimal owing to five structural inhibiting factors: inadequate rehabilitation facilities and budget constraints; the influx of beggars from outside Bone Regency; entrenched structural poverty; low community participation driven by a culture of sympathy toward beggars; and the increasingly diverse and modern methods employed by beggars, including sticker selling, fraudulent donation collection, and street performing. These findings underscore the need for a comprehensive, multi stakeholder approach that addresses the root causes of poverty rather than relying solely on punitive enforcement.